Fort Recovery is the site of two remarkable Northwest Indian War battles: the 1791 victory of nine American Indian tribes, led by Mihšihkinaahkwa (Little Turtle, Miami) and Weyapiersenwah (Blue Jacket, Shawnee) over General Arthur St. Clair’s forces; and the 1794 victory of General Anthony Wayne’s army over a larger alliance of American Indian tribes. These events were pivotal in the relationships between the Native people defending their homelands and invading American soldiers and settlers, setting the stage for the 1795 Treaty of Greenville, after which American Indians relinquished most of their land holdings in Ohio. They also set the course for determination of land ownership in contemporary Ohio and the 1830 Indian Removal Act, forcibly removing American Indians from their Ohio homelands.
